Crack Sealing
An asphalt sealing product is applied to the cracks in paved roads to prevent the moisture from penetrating into the base and subgrade material. This prolongs the life of the road.
Level-up
Asphaltic level-up material is added to minor depressions and areas with surface roughness before resurfacing with a sealcoat or overlay.
Full-Depth Repair
Replacement of the base and surface layers, typically to a depth of 4 to 6 inches. This type of treatment repairs small localized pavement failures to a condition equal to or better than the surrounding pavement material.
Rejuvenation
A thin layer of Reclamite liquid is sprayed on the surface and rejuvenates the life of the pavement by restoring the flexibility and ductility of old brittle pavement. It seals the surface from water intrusion, prevents cracking, and extends the life of the pavement 4 to 6 years
Surface Treatment/Sealcoat
A preventive maintenance application of thin asphalt emulsion surface treatment covered with aggregate, used to waterproof and seal the existing road surface and to increase skid resistance. Sealcoat treatments typically include some crack sealing and level-up.
Type-F Overlay
Application of an asphaltic concrete pavement (ACP) about ¾ inch thick. Type-F Overlays are typically used in residential cul-de-sacs to increase wear resistance under large vehicles.
Hot Mix Asphalt Concrete (HMAC)
Application of an asphaltic concrete pavement (ACP) about 1½ to 2 inches thick. It is used to level, waterproof, and restore the original road shape and ride. HMAC provides some increase in the structural value of the pavement section and therefore the life cycle of the road.
Mill and HMAC Overlay
Remove existing asphalt surface to a depth of 2 inches and replace with new HMAC. This method maintains existing drainage flow patterns and ensures smooth transitions from street to driveways. The method is typically used on urban curb and gutter roads.
Spot Reconstruction
The existing surface materials are recycled in-place, injected with oil to a depth of 6 inches, and covered with a two course chip seal.
Cold-In-Place Recycling
A method of reusing road materials in-place, by grinding up the asphalt surface, adding emulsion oil or cement binder, and mixing it with 8 to 10 inches of the roadbase layer. The surface is covered with a two course chip seal and then a 2 inch HMAC is applied. Cold-In-Place Recycling is typically used on rural roads.
Reconstruction R2
The existing pavement materials are removed and discarded. The subgrade is stabilized to a depth of 12 inches, flexible base is applied 8 to 12 inches thick, then covered with HMAC to depth of 2 to 4 inches. Reconstruction R2 is typically used on rural roads.
Reconstruction R1
The existing pavement materials are removed and discarded. The subgrade is stabilized to a depth of 12 inches, a flexible base is applied 12 to 24 inches thick, then covered with HMAC to depth of 2 to 4 inches. Construction may include the use of geotextile materials. Reconstruction R1 is typically used on urban roadways.
Complete Road Reconstruction
All of the needs in the right-of-way are addressed, which can consist of replacing sections of curb and gutter, driveway aprons, drainage system improvements, sidewalks, ramps, and complete pavement section replacement. This is a traditional CIP road and drainage improvement project. It can incorporate moderate changes to the road alignment, profile, cross section, and roadway width. The typical cost can range from $1M to over $1.5M per mile.
New Road Construction
This category consists of constructing new road sections in accordance with long-range transportation plans. It includes new curb and gutter, driveway aprons, drainage systems, sidewalks and ramps, traffic signals, signs, markings, and may require new bridge structures. New alignments typically require the purchase of right-of-way (ROW), which can have a huge impact on the project cost. This is a traditional CIP street network capacity expansion project. Effective project costs with bridges, ROW, business relocations, and condemnation settlements can easily range to well over $3M per mile.
